Lathe for turning fluted and similar work



24Sheets-Sheet 1,

I'. IIANSON.

LATHE FOR TURNING ILUTED AND SIMILAR WORK. No. 257,451. Patented May2,1882..

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. F. HANSON.

LATE-N PoR TUNNING FLUTBD AND SIMILAR WORK.

No. 257,451. Patented May 2,1882.

Ligne es 9 Inventor.

(giu/mim UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREEMAN HANSON, F HOLLIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE,Y ASSIGNMENTS, OF

FOUR-FIFTHS T() THE AMERICAN TURNING COMPANY, 0F PORTLAND,

MAINE.

LATHE FOR TURNING FLUTED AND SIMILAR WORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of nLetters Patent No. 257,451, dated May 2,1882.

Application tiled February 9, 1880.

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, FREEMAN HANsoN, of the town of Hollis, county ofYork, and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful 1`m- 5provement in Wood-Turning and Hub-Mortising Machines, of which thefollowing is aspecification.

. My invention relates to improvements in wood-turning and hub-mortisingmachines, by lo which the wood to be operated upon is made l to presenta predetermined part of its surface to the action ofthe cutting deviceat proper intervals, and the mechanism which operates the cutting-deviceis so adjusted that it acts only when that partof thesu-rfaceispresented to it, thus causingthe desired number of edges,points, scallops, indentations, or otherdeviccs to be cut inregularsuccession. The mechanism by which this is done is shown in theaczo companying'drawings, in which Figure 1 is a top plan. Fig. 2 is aside elevation. Fig. 3 is a rear View. Fig. et' is a front view. Fig. 5is a vertical section at line w of Fig. 1.

The same letters refer to similar parts in the different figures.

A is the frame-work or table, which supports the moving parts ot' themachine.

Bis a crank or pulley, by which power is 3o applied to the machine, andis carried on the shaft a, which also carries the pulleyT C. The shafta. in t-he other side of the frame-work carries the pulleys Gf, C, andC" and the slotted socket-heads D and D. The pulley O' is connected bythe belt b with the pulley C on shaft a, and serves to turn the shaftct. The pulley C is connected by the belt b with the fast and loosepulley Civ on a shaft, a, which operates a saw for cuttingolf the wood4o when shaped, as hereinafter described. The pulley 0 is connectedbya-belt, b, with the fast and loose pulley CV on the shal't c", whichcarries vthe gear-wheel G.

The slotted socket-head D has a crank-rod,

4 5 c, fastened to it by the connecting-pin d, which is adjustable inthe slot and regulates the throw of the crank-rod. The other end of thecrank-rod is fastened to an elbow-lever, e, with its fnlcrum in theframe-work at j, the other end of the elbow-lever being fastened to the5o sliding head-stock E, which, when thus connected, slides backward andforward in the slot It and guide-cleats g g, parallel to the shafts andthe wood to be cut. The slotted socket-head D has also a connecting-rod,c', 55 fastened to it by the same adjustable connecting-pin, d, pivotedat f to a lever, c, which has its fulcrum atf, and is fastened atf' to areciprocating arm, 6', the other end of which is fastened to the slidinghead-stock E when 6o the elbow-lever c is disconnected therefrom. Whenthus connected the head-stock faces at right angles to itsformerposition, and has a backward and forward motion in the slot h andguide-cleats g g across the plane of the wood to be ent and at rightangles to the shafts.

The head-stock E has a rotating and sliding arbor, t', in which thecutting device is held. When the cutter-head slidesin the sloth-that 7ois, parallel to the wood to be cutthe arbor holds a circular saw or anauger. When in Y the slot L-that is, when it slides across thc plane ofthe wood to be cut-thealbor holds a turning chisel or knife. Thelenglhofslidein eithercase is determined, as before explained, by the adjustmentot' the connecting-pin d in the slot of the slotted socket-head D.

The slotted socket-head D has a crank-rod,

c', fastened to it by the counectingpin d', which 8o is made adjustablein the slot to change the eccen tricity of the crankrod, as desired. Theother end of the crank'rod c is fastened to an arm, 7', hung loosely onthe shaft 60"', but not revolving with it. This arm carries the pawl m,and is fastened to the crank-rod c aby the screw 7c. The throw ot' thearm j, and hence ot' the pawl m, is determined by the particular hole ll l in the arm j, in which the screw lc for the time being is fastened.go

G is a gear-wheelcarried by the shaft af.

H is a ratchet-wheel rigidly fastened to the gearwheel G by the pin n,but removable to allow the substitution ot' ratchet-wheels of a.different number of teeth. Y 495 'At thebeginning of each throw of thecranln rod c the pawl m leaves the tooth last en gaged by it, and,passing over several teeth during the outward and upward motion ofthecrank-rod, engages another tooth of the ratchet-wheel H at the lnomentthe crank-rod has reached the end of its upward motion. tooth is held bythe pawl m, and the wheels are thereby turned a given fraction ot' arevolution until the erankrod reaches its lowest position, when thetooth is released, and the wheels cease moving until a new tooth isengaged, as before. Thus if there are thirty-five teeth in theratchet-wheel II the pawl m and crankrod c' may be so adjusted as toengage every fifth or every seventh tooth, and there will be seven or vestops during one revolution of the'gear-wheel G. If the ratchet-wheelhas thirty-six teeth, there may be three, four, six, nine, or twelvestops during one revolution, according to the adjustment.

I is a gear-wheel on the collare", which turns in a journal-ease on thetixed post J and rotates the chuck-shaft or mandrel o, which carries thechuck o'. This gear-wheel I, having half the number of teeth of thcgear-wheel G, into which it meshes, makes double the number ofrevolutions and half the number of stops in one revolution. The mandrelo is slotted nearly its whole length, so that it can be turned by thegear-wheel I by means of the spline without preventing its slidingforward when desired. The other end of the mandrel o is held by atraveling post, K, moving by a pinion, S', on its under side, whichengages with the teeth of the rack r. This motion is given to the post Kthrough the wheel q by the hand of the operator, and to prevent itsmoving too far it may be provided with a ratchetwheel, s, and a pawl, t,which allows only one tooth to escape at a tim 'i is a fixed post at theother end of th e dit r, and is provided with a revolving collar, a,through which the wood passes from the chuck o'. The wood is made torevolve with the collar by the spikes a'. Thus two motions may beimparted to the wood to be cut-an intermittently-rotating motion bymeans ot' the pawl m and ratchetwheel H, or a constant rotation bydisengaging the pawl and turning the wheels by the pulley CV and shafta"'. In addition to these the bed-plate or. that part ofthe frame whichholds the uprights J, K, and L and the rack r, instead of beingstationary, may be made to rock from side to side, as shown in my IatentNo. 214,652', dated April 22, 1879, for iinprovements in wood-turningmachines, or to slide transversely or longitudinally, as shown in myPatent No. 221,303, dated November 4, 1879, for improvement inscalloping-maehines; or the bed-plate may have both these motions orlany other motion which will not interfere with the working of the pawland ratchet, chuck-shaft, and traveling post. These different motions ofthe bed-plate change the character of the shapes to be cut, as explainedin said patents. v

M is a handle pivoted at p' to a post M', which is fastened to theframe-work, and hold- This ing a small pulley, e, kept in rotation by abelt, b"',.fronx the pulley Gvi on the shaft a", which is rotated 4asbefore described. This handle also carries a circular saw, w, which,being kept in rotation by'the pulley 0, if desired,ents ott' the endofthe wood when shaped. It is raised into contact with the wood andlowered again by the hand of the operator.

The operation of the machine is as follows: To turn disks or buttonswith scalloped, pointed, regular or irregular outlines, 81e., the woodis intermittently rotated by the pawl m and ratchet-wheel H, as beforedescribed, adjusted to make the desired number of stops in onerevolution, which, for the gear-wheel G, is twice the number of thepoints or scallops to be cut. The cutting-tool or chisel earried by thehead-stock E, which in this case slides across the plane of the wood tobe out, is in rapid rotation, and is brought up to the edge of the woodwhile stationary. Vhen the head-stock E slides back from the wood thewood is turned another given fraction ot' a revolution and presentsanother edgeto be shaped by the cutting-tool when again brought forward.The whole disk having been shaped, it is cut off and the wood movedforward by the wheel q into position for a new disk to be formed. Theedges of thedisks will be straight, curved, or hollowed, according tothe supplemental motions given to the wood by the movements of thebed-plate before described.

To cnt pointed figures other than disks, the head-stock E carries acircular saw in rapid rotation and slides parallel to the wood to becnt. In other respects the operation is the same as before.

To turn crescents, the crank-rod c' and pawl m are disconnected and thebelt b" shifted to turn the pulley C". A constant rotation is thusimparted to the wood, as before mentioned. By setting thc head-stock Eupon a sliding bed, which moves in the guide-cleats g g g' g', andpivoting the lower end of the head-stock on two set-screws in thcsliding bed, a lateralrocking motion may be imparted to the upper partof the head. This may be done by a handle or by a belt running to atreadle, as most convenient. In this way a portion ot' the circle whichwould otherwise be formed is cut away, leaving a crescent, which may bemade full or thin, as desired. A kind of double crescent may be made bycutting from the opposite edges of the circle toward the center.

I claim- 1. The combination ot' a slotted socket-head, D', adjustablecrank-rod c', adjustable arm j, and pawl m, carried by said arm andengaging the teeth ot' a ratchet-wheel, H, all as hereinbefore shown anddescribed.

2. The eombin ation of the crank-rod o', made adjustable at both ends,with an arm, j, and )pawl on to act upon a system of gear-wheels andimpart an intermittent rotation to the l wood to be cut.

3. The combination of the chuck-shaft o,

IOO

IIO

IIS

gear-wheels G and I, ratchet-wheel H, pawl m, and adjustable crank-rodc', arranged to i impart a definite intermittent rotation to thechuck-shaft, as hereinbefore described.

5 4. A sliding head-stock, E, and revolving arbor i, armed with anysuitable cutting-tool, in combination with an intermittently-rotatedehnckshaft,o, as hereinbefore shown -and de- 1o 5. A sliding`head-stock, E, and revolvingl and sliding` arbor i, moved byadj ustablecrankrods and slotted socket-heads, in combination with the chuck-shafto, and gear-wheels G and I, arranged to impart alternately a constant orintermittent rotation to the latbeehnek 0', as 15 and for the purposesdescribed.

FREEMAN HANSON. Witnesses:

GEO. E. BIRD, DANI.. H. BAooN.

